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November 12

Ellis Island in New York closes after serving as the gateway for 12 million immigrants from 1892 to 1924. From 1924 to 1954 it was mostly used as a detention and deportation center for undocumented immigrants - 1954

November 12

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November 11

Haymarket martyrs hanged, convicted in the bombing deaths of eight police during a Chicago labor rally - 1887

November 11

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November 10

Sit-down strike begins at Austin, Minn., Hormel plant with the help of a Wobbly organizer, leading to the creation of the Independent Union of All Workers. Labor historians believe this may have been the first sit-down strike of the 1930s. Workers held the plant for three days, demanding a wage increase. Some 400 men crashed through the plant entrance and chased out nonunion workers. One group rushed through the doors of a conference room where Jay Hormel and five company executives were meeting and declared: ?We?re taking possession. So move out.? Within four days the company agreed to binding arbitration - 1933

November 10

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November 9

Twenty people, including at least nine firefighters, are killed in Boston?s worst fire. It consumed 65 downtown acres and 776 buildings over 12 hours ? 1872

November 9

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November 8

20,000 workers, Black and White, stage general strike in New Orleans, demanding union recognition and hour and wage gains - 1892

November 8

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November 7

Some 1,300 building trades workers in eastern Massachusetts participated in a general strike on all military work in the area to protest the use of open-shop (a worksite in which union membership is not required as a condition of employment) builders. The strike held on for a week in the face of threats from the U.S. War Department - 1917

November 7